234 lines
6.3 KiB
C
234 lines
6.3 KiB
C
/*
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* wiringPiI2C.c:
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* Simplified I2C access routines
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* Copyright (c) 2013 Gordon Henderson
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***********************************************************************
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* This file is part of wiringPi:
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* https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
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*
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* wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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* it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
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* published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
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* License, or (at your option) any later version.
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*
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* wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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* GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
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*
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* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
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* License along with wiringPi.
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* If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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***********************************************************************
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*/
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/*
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* Notes:
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* The Linux I2C code is actually the same (almost) as the SMBus code.
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* SMBus is System Management Bus - and in essentially I2C with some
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* additional functionality added, and stricter controls on the electrical
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* specifications, etc. however I2C does work well with it and the
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* protocols work over both.
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*
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* I'm directly including the SMBus functions here as some Linux distros
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* lack the correct header files, and also some header files are GPLv2
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* rather than the LGPL that wiringPi is released under - presumably because
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* originally no-one expected I2C/SMBus to be used outside the kernel -
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* however enter the Raspberry Pi with people now taking directly to I2C
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* devices without going via the kernel...
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*
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* This may ultimately reduce the flexibility of this code, but it won't be
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* hard to maintain it and keep it current, should things change.
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*
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* Information here gained from: kernel/Documentation/i2c/dev-interface
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* as well as other online resources.
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*********************************************************************************
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*/
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <stdint.h>
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#include <errno.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <fcntl.h>
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#include <sys/ioctl.h>
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#include <asm/ioctl.h>
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#include "wiringPi.h"
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#include "wiringPiI2C.h"
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// I2C definitions
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#define I2C_SLAVE 0x0703
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#define I2C_SMBUS 0x0720 /* SMBus-level access */
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#define I2C_SMBUS_READ 1
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#define I2C_SMBUS_WRITE 0
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// SMBus transaction types
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#define I2C_SMBUS_QUICK 0
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#define I2C_SMBUS_BYTE 1
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#define I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA 2
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#define I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA 3
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#define I2C_SMBUS_PROC_CALL 4
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#define I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_DATA 5
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#define I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_BROKEN 6
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#define I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_PROC_CALL 7 /* SMBus 2.0 */
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#define I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_DATA 8
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// SMBus messages
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#define I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_MAX 32 /* As specified in SMBus standard */
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#define I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_MAX 32 /* Not specified but we use same structure */
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// Structures used in the ioctl() calls
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union i2c_smbus_data
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{
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uint8_t byte ;
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uint16_t word ;
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uint8_t block [I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_MAX + 2] ; // block [0] is used for length + one more for PEC
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} ;
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struct i2c_smbus_ioctl_data
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{
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char read_write ;
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uint8_t command ;
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int size ;
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union i2c_smbus_data *data ;
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} ;
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static inline int i2c_smbus_access (int fd, char rw, uint8_t command, int size, union i2c_smbus_data *data)
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{
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struct i2c_smbus_ioctl_data args ;
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args.read_write = rw ;
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args.command = command ;
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args.size = size ;
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args.data = data ;
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return ioctl (fd, I2C_SMBUS, &args) ;
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}
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/*
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* wiringPiI2CRead:
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* Simple device read
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*********************************************************************************
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*/
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int wiringPiI2CRead (int fd)
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{
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union i2c_smbus_data data ;
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if (i2c_smbus_access (fd, I2C_SMBUS_READ, 0, I2C_SMBUS_BYTE, &data))
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return -1 ;
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else
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return data.byte & 0xFF ;
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}
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/*
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* wiringPiI2CReadReg8: wiringPiI2CReadReg16:
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* Read an 8 or 16-bit value from a regsiter on the device
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*********************************************************************************
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*/
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int wiringPiI2CReadReg8 (int fd, int reg)
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{
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union i2c_smbus_data data;
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if (i2c_smbus_access (fd, I2C_SMBUS_READ, reg, I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA, &data))
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return -1 ;
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else
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return data.byte & 0xFF ;
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}
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int wiringPiI2CReadReg16 (int fd, int reg)
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{
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union i2c_smbus_data data;
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if (i2c_smbus_access (fd, I2C_SMBUS_READ, reg, I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA, &data))
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return -1 ;
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else
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return data.word & 0xFFFF ;
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}
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/*
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* wiringPiI2CWrite:
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* Simple device write
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*********************************************************************************
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*/
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int wiringPiI2CWrite (int fd, int data)
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{
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return i2c_smbus_access (fd, I2C_SMBUS_WRITE, data, I2C_SMBUS_BYTE, NULL) ;
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}
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/*
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* wiringPiI2CWriteReg8: wiringPiI2CWriteReg16:
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* Write an 8 or 16-bit value to the given register
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*********************************************************************************
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*/
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int wiringPiI2CWriteReg8 (int fd, int reg, int value)
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{
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union i2c_smbus_data data ;
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data.byte = value ;
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return i2c_smbus_access (fd, I2C_SMBUS_WRITE, reg, I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA, &data) ;
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}
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int wiringPiI2CWriteReg16 (int fd, int reg, int value)
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{
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union i2c_smbus_data data ;
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data.word = value ;
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return i2c_smbus_access (fd, I2C_SMBUS_WRITE, reg, I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA, &data) ;
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}
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/*
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* wiringPiI2CSetupInterface:
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* Undocumented access to set the interface explicitly - might be used
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* for the Pi's 2nd I2C interface...
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*********************************************************************************
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*/
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int wiringPiI2CSetupInterface (const char *device, int devId)
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{
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int fd ;
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if ((fd = open (device, O_RDWR)) < 0)
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return wiringPiFailure (WPI_ALMOST, "Unable to open I2C device: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
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if (ioctl (fd, I2C_SLAVE, devId) < 0)
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return wiringPiFailure (WPI_ALMOST, "Unable to select I2C device: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
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return fd ;
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}
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/*
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* wiringPiI2CSetup:
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* Open the I2C device, and regsiter the target device
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*********************************************************************************
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*/
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int wiringPiI2CSetup (const int devId)
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{
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int rev ;
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const char *device ;
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rev = piGpioLayout () ;
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if (rev == 1)
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device = "/dev/i2c-0" ;
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else
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device = "/dev/i2c-1" ;
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return wiringPiI2CSetupInterface (device, devId) ;
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}
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